Tuesday, April 13, 2021

A Collection of Lone Nutter Essays and Interviews on the JFK Assassination

From the desk of Robert Morrow, presidential historian at the Lyndon Baines Johnson Institute for the Study of Presidential Crime and the World’s Foremost Authority on the JFK Assassination:

512-306-1510       Austin, TX

A Collection of Lone Nutter Essays and Interviews on the JFK Assassination

          Here at the far bottom is a collection of Lone Nutter manifestos, interviews and book reviews. A variation of “a lone nut killed JFK” is a “a lone nut killed JFK but he was told or inspired to commit that heinous crime by Cuba’s Fidel Castro or the USSR. It’s still a heinous lie to blame John Kennedy’s murder on completely innocent CIA patsy Lee Harvey Oswald or whether the charge is he did it all alone or the LBJ/CIA deflection that Fidel Castro or his operatives were involved.

There are several themes that come up often in the people who slander, defame and lie about Lee Harvey Oswald being responsible for the JFK assassination. One theme is that the Lone Nutters rejected out of hand a vast body of evidence that implicates Lyndon Johnson, elements of  U.S. military intelligence or the CIA, LBJ’s Texas Oil men and LBJ’s blood brother lawyer and Texas political boss Ed Clark in the JFK assassination.

You can get a heavy dose of LBJ’s role in the JFK assassination by reading Phil Nelson’s LBJ: The Mastermind of the JFK Assassination.

The Lone Nutters just completely ignore that General Edward Lansdale was identified at Dealey Plaza at 2:30PM by his peers Colonel Fletcher Prouty and Gen. Victor Krulak. General Edward Lansdale had been unceremoniously fired from the Kennedy Administration on Oct. 31, 1963 and his pal Ngo Dihn Diem had been overthrown (11-1-63) and then murdered (11-2-63) in a Kennedy Administration coup that was vehemently that Lansdale opposed. Gen. Lansdale, who fancied himself the guru of Vietnam, had wanted, in his fantasies, to make the ultra corrupt Diem into a Vietnamese “George Washington.” LBJ for his part, thought of Diem as a Winston Churchill type figure. Winston Churchill is not too popular these days because he starved to death (mass murdered) 3 million Indians during WWII while shipping critical food supplies to Great Britain. I highly recommend lone nutter Max Boot’s book on Lansdale: The Road Not Taken.

The Lone Nutters actually think Lee Harvey Oswald was a communist when really he was a patriotic American working in counter-intelligence and spying on the Left in the USA. You can read Phillip Melanson’s 1990 Spy Saga: Lee Harvey Oswald and U.S. Intelligence for more on that. Lee Harvey Oswald’s goose got cooked because he was publicly LYING about what he was as he posed as a “defector” to the USSR and come home re-creating himself as a “pro-Castro Marxist.” Very likely Oswald was being handled by the CIA’s David Atlee Phillips (a native of Ft. Worth, TX) and also by hard right JFK-hater Guy Banister in New Orleans. Guy Banister was a former FBI Special Agent in Charge in Chicago and he was a favorite of communist hunter J. Edgar Hoover, the megalomaniac closeted homosexual and blackmailer extraordinaire.

The Lone Nutters never mention that hard right anti-Castro Cuban Antonio Veciana is on the record that he saw Lee Harvey Oswald with his CIA handler David Atlee Phillips a few months before the JFK assassination in Dallas, TX.       Or that Oswald stamped his New Orleans political fliers with the address 544 Camp St. which just happens to have been Guy Banister’s office and an office that had previously been occupied by hard right Anti-Castro Cubans. Or that the CIA’s David Atlee Phillips was running a subversion campaign of the pro Castro Fair Play for Cuba organization.

After the JFK assassination and after he was murdered as part of the cover up, Lee Harvey Oswald’s legacy was tarred by the forced LYING of a terrified Marina Oswald who had a toddler June and a baby Rachel and who did not speak English very well. Marina Oswald hated her White Russian (anti-communist refuge) interpreter Ilya Mamontov because Mamontov was putting words into her mouth to posthumously slander and cast shade on the her deceased husband Lee Harvey Oswald.

The ”not-very-sophisticated” Lone Nutters believe Oswald’s public lies that he was a “pro Castro Marxist” (as opposed to an ONI, CIA, FBI governmental operative, which he was). Then the Lone Nutters compound their error by believing the coerced lies of a terrified Marina Oswald 1) that Oswald may have had something to do with the April, 1963 attempted shooting of hard right activist (and also closeted homosexual and JFK-hater) Gen. Edwin Walker 2) that “crazy” Oswald wanted to hijack a plane to Cuba (never happened!!), that Oswald was about to go shoot former Vice President Richard Nixon, but Marina says she locked Oswald in the bathroom to prevent that heinous crime. That was a big fat lie because bathrooms lock from the inside and no, Marina Oswald was not strong enough to keep Oswald barricaded in the bath room.

Sidenote: I wonder if you could sell the Brooklyn Bridge to a Lone Nutter because they appear primed and ready to buy anything!

Some other big fails by the Lone Nutters are that they believe the ludicrous Magic Bullet Theory which both David Belin and Arlen Specter conjured up to pretend that JFK and John Connally were hit by the same bullet and they also believe JFK’s head kill shot came from behind at the Texas School Book Depository as opposed to front right the Grassy Knoll.

The bonkers Magic Bullet theory was conjured up because there were so many wounds on JFK (3) and John Connally (back wound) and a shot that almost hit James Tague means that it is obvious JFK was the victims of multiple shoots in a front, back and sides crossfire hail of bullets. Let’s not forget that an early shot missed and a bullet was dug out of the mid field at Dealey Plaza by an FBI Agent (that bullet disappeared). There were a MINIMUM of 7 shots taken at JFK.

Despite the obvious evidence of a “back and to the left” movement of JFK’s head, which means a kill shot from the front right area (the Grassy Knoll), the Lone Nutters are committed to their religious belief that JFK’s head kill shot came from behind.

The Lone Nutters make a hot mess of their speculations of why in the world would Lee Harvey Oswald want to murder John Kennedy. Some of them say they don’t even have the slightest idea what Oswald’s motive could have been. Some falsely claim that Oswald was a mentally unstable loser who wanted to become famous by killing JFK. Well, why did Oswald, while in police custody, say over and over again that he had shot at no one and the he was a “patsy” for the JFK assassination because he had been to Russia?

Other Lone Nutters say that Oswald killed JFK because Marina Oswald would not take him back. Oswald had just spent the night with her in bed and left a significant amount of his money on the nightstand for her like a responsible and caring spouse would. Maybe Richard Ramirez, a satanic California serial killer, the “Night Stalker,” can get a wife in prison but I don’t think it would have worked for Oswald for death row Texas in 1963. Maybe the California Menendez brothers, who murdered their rich parents in cold blood and then went on a shopping spree, can get prison wives, but, again, I don’t think this was an option for Oswald.

The other great slander that the Lone Nutters slap on Oswald was that he murdered JFK because Oswald’s mother Marguerite Oswald was a bitter pill and an unpleasant domineering mother. However eccentric and slightly off Lee Harvey Oswald and his mother may have been, combined they held one-ten-thousandth the screaming dysfunction that Lyndon Johnson carried with him. Lyndon Johnson was an alcoholic who was beaten by his also alcoholic father as a child and his father, who rode him hard, told LBJ he was a loser who would never amount to anything. LBJ’s grandmother Ruth Ament Huffman, who he had sex with as a teenager, predicted LBJ would go to jail. Lyndon Johnson was an alcoholic, the biggest pill popper his county in Texas according to the local pharmacist; he used to smoke 3 packs of cigarettes per day; LBJ’s serial adultery was so unhinged that he was often having sex with other women while Lady Bird was under the same roof. Lyndon Johnson impregnated two secretaries at the same time in 1963 and they each gave him a child in the run up to the JFK assassination: Lyndon Boozer (son of Yolanda Boozer) and Courtenay Lynda Valenti (daughter of Mary Margaret Wiley Valenti). LBJ had arranged for sycophantic aide Jack Valenti to go into a cover marriage with his #1 mistress Mary Margaret. LBJ “gave away” Mary Margaret at her wedding in June, 1962.

When LBJ was not murdering his political opponents (Sam Smithwick, 1952 and Henry Marshall, 1963), sleeping with his secretaries, chain smoking, getting drunk, watching porno on the presidential yacht Sequoia, he could often be found defecating in front of reporters and his staff while playing a degradation and domination game. LBJ over decades would intentionally defecate and then ask his aides and reporters to come closer and closer so they could smell what he was doing. Call it LBJ’s defecation degradation domination game. Treasury secretary Douglas Dillon left LBJ’s cabinet in the 1960s precisely because of this insanity. LBJ played the defecation degradation domination game with aides Jake Pickle (later a congressman), Richard Goodwin, Treasury secretary Douglas Dillion and reporters Helen Thomas, Tom Wicker and Dan Rather (and many, many other victims).

Lyndon Johnson was known to be having an enema while giving dictation to his secretary Marie Fehmer, yelling at Bill Moyers, while Lady Bird and his daughter Lynda Bird and aide Hayes Redmond were in the room. Lyndon Johnson had hired young, pretty Marie Fehmer as an aide in summer, 1962 and LBJ immediately fell in love with her. In November, 1962, told Marie that if she would agree to have his son, he would set her up with an apartment in NYC. [See Randall Woods, LBJ: Architect of American Ambition, p. 404-406.] It was during this precise same period that LBJ was impregnating his secretary Yolanda Boozer (son Lyndon Boozer) and his former secretary Mary Margaret Wiley (daughter Courtenay Lynda Valenti). As of 2021, Courtenay Lynda Valenti was on the LBJ Foundation’s Board of Trustees along with her half sisters Luci Baines Johnson, Lynda Johnson Robb and her half-nieces Nicole Covert and Catherine Robb.

In Lone Nutterland, “Oswald” is the crazy one. It was in summer, 1962 that Lyndon Johnson was telling reporter Robert Novak (who had married Geraldine, another secretary of LBJ) that Robert Kennedy was planning to dump him from the Demo ticket in 1964 (Robert Novak, The Prince of Darkness, pp. 90-91).

The Lone Nutters like to point to Oswald’s childhood as some sort of proof that he was a mentally unstable adult and because of this killed JFK. My reply is what about Lyndon Johnson’s quite several mental instabilities? His former national security advisor McGeorge Buncy compared LBJ of 1967 to Joseph Stalin while LBJ compared himself to Adolph Hitler in reference to his rigging the campus elections at San Marcos State Teachers College. Robert Kennedy and Richard Nixon both called Lyndon Johnson an “animal.”

Some Lone Nutters say completely innocent CIA patsy Lee Harvey Oswald was really shooting at Texas Governor John Connally but he accidentally shot JFK in the process. This is the theory put forward by James Reston, Jr. Supposedly Oswald was mad at former Secretary of the Navy John Connally for changing his honorable discharge to a undesirable discharge from the Marines after Oswald had defected to Russia. James Reston’s father was Scotty Reston, a CIA asset and New York Times reporter and then later an NYT editor who carried a lot of water for Lyndon Johnson and who had a very close relationship to Allen Dulles.

Yes, I can totally understand why Oswald was unhappy that Navy Secretary John Connally changed his honorable discharge to an “other than honorable discharge” after Oswald fake defected to the USSR. From Oswald’s point of view, he was working for his country in a spy capacity and then his own government gives him an “other than honorable discharge” from the military that could follow him for the rest of his life. But, my God, is he really going to take a rifle and shoot the former Secretary of the Navy for that? Doesn’t it seem more likely that a well-documented amoral psychopath Lyndon Johnson would to blow out JFK’s brains for running a “destroy LBJ” campaign in fall, 1963?    

A very good book to read is Pierre Sundborg’s Tragic Truth: Oswald Shot Kennedy by Accident. The value in the book is not that it’s top thesis is correct but that Pierre Sundborg has done a gangbusters job of collecting dozens of nice comments that Lee Harvey Oswald made about JFK and Jackie Kennedy, a family which Oswald loved, adored and admired. Oswald like JFK so much that he could have been president of a Dallas chapter of the JFK Fan Club.

Paul Gregory knew Lee Harvey Oswald personally and in 2013 he wrote that Lee and Marina kept a copy of TIME’s JFK Man of the Year cover prominently displayed on their coffee table for months. If LBJ had something like that, he probably would have used it for a dart board or perhaps target practice for his guns. Lyndon Johnson, unlike Lee Harvey Oswald, was an excellent shot and he knew how to handle a gun. Onetime RFK was at the LBJ Ranch in the fall of 1959 and LBJ intentionally handed RFK a gun with a big kick. After RFK shot it, it knocked him to the ground and as LBJ towered over a prone RFK he said something like “Son, you gotta learn how to handle a gun like a man.”

The other big fail by the Lone Nutters is thinking that Oswald tried to murder Gen. Edwin Walker in April, 1963. That is a fantasy that never happened; most Lone Nutters don’t know that Gen. Walker contacted the HSCA and told them that the bullet in evidence from his shooting is NOT the one that was pulled out of his wall. The Lone Nutters say that Marina said that Oswald tried to shoot Gen. Walker, but they conveniently leave out that Marina Oswald Porter for 30 years has said that Oswald was innocent of killing JFK and that she told Jesse Ventura on his TV show in 2010, “Would you sacrifice your children for the truth” which is Marina admitting that she was forced by circumstances and being in the grips of LBJ’s government to tell tremendous, slanderous lies about her murdered husband in the aftermath of the JFK assassination. If they could murder Oswald in police custody, couldn’t the same people just as easily murder Marina if she did not go along with the governmental/media script?

Sadly, some Lone Nutters, like Ruth Paine, will say that the Gen. Edwin Walker shooting is the “Rosetta Stone” of the JFK assassination. Still others say that the Friday, 11-22-63, 1:06 PM murder of Officer J.D. Tippit was the “Rosetta Stone” of the JFK assassination. Helen Markham, who was the closest witness to the Tippit murder was adamant that the Tippit slaying occurred at 1:06 PM as she was on the way to her 1:12 PM bus (which normally departed at 1:15 PM). There is no way Oswald was on the Tippit murder scene because at 1:02 PM he was at his boarding house and that was a full 9/10ths of a mile away. Here is Helen Markham’s Warren Commission testimony. If you go to the Sixth Floor Museum’s web site, they list the TIME of the J.D. Tippit murder at being at 1:15 PM, which is a big, fat lie. The Sixth Floor Museum timeline of the JFK assassination says that “Police officer J.D. Tippit is shot and killed at the corner of 10th Street and Patton Avenue in the Oak Cliff section of Dallas.” In actually, Tippit was murdered several houses down from that intersection where witness Helen Markham was standing.

 

The Warren Commission, pointedly ignoring Helen Markham, simply made up the 1:15 PM time of the Tippit murder in order to make it slightly possible that Oswald had somehow speed walked or ran/jogged to the Tippit murder scene (which Oswald never did). A good book on the Tippit murder is Joseph McBride’s Into the Nightmare: My Search for the killers of John F. Kennedy and Officer J.D. Tippit.

Helen Markham was a waitress who worked in downtown Dallas. At the 1:06 PM time of the Tippit shooting she was standing a 2-3 minute walk from arriving at her bus stop about 6 minutes before it would depart at 1:15 PM. There is absolutely no way then that Tippit was shot at 1:15 PM as the Warren Commission fantasized in the service of their framing of Oswald.

Also, read Bill Simpich’s State Secret, Chapter 6 “The Set-Up and the Cover Up” and you will understand that Oswald was immediately being framed for the JFK assassination by Dallas police who were giving out a All Points Bulletin description of JFK’s killer as “5 foot 10, 165 pounds” a precisely inaccurate description of Lee Harvey Oswald in FBI, CIA and INS documents that were created before the JFK assassination. Oswald was 5 foot 9 inches and about 140 lbs at the time of JFK’s murder.

 The Lone Nutters fail in a lot of areas: 1) They believe Oswald’s public lies of being a pro Castro Marxist and they have not figured out that Oswald was working in counter-intelligence for ONI, CIA and FBI. 2) They believe a terrified Marina Oswald’s coerced and slanderous lies about Oswald in 1963-1964 despite the fact that Marina told Jesse Ventura in 2010 “Would you sacrifice your children for the truth?” 3) They believe the ludicrous lie that Oswald tried to murder Gen. Edwin Walker 4) They believe the frame job lie that Oswald murdered Officer J.D. Tippit. 5) They also think Oswald wanted to kill former vice president Richard Nixon 6) They mistakenly believe the ludicrous lie that Oswald wanted to hijack a plane to Cuba.

The JFK assassination proves that the nation’s largest media platforms simply cannot EVER, under any circumstances, be trusted to simply tell the truth. The reality is every media platform, large or small, must be subjected to critical thinking skills and no “assumptions” (such as a lone nut killed JFK) of any platform should be taken at face value. All assumptions must be tested. No news media platform is worthy of uncritical trust.    

The late Jerry Policoff, a friend of mine who I respected deeply, co-wrote a great article in 1992 with Robert Hennelly about the completely corrupted American media lying about the JFK assassination. Twenty years before in 1972, Jerry Policoff, wrote an early humdinger essay on the media coverup of the JFK assassination.

The JFK assassination is the greatest fantasy of the American educated elites. The American government, the country’s most prominent media platforms (TV, print, newspapers, magazines, radio, internet, major publishing houses), and scores of university and college professors have all trafficked in one of the greatest lies in world history: that a lone nut killed JFK and that Lyndon Johnson, the CIA, and the Texas Rich around LBJ had absolutely nothing to do with the murder of JFK and the cover up of his assassination. These groups have also trafficked in the related Oswald frame-job lies: that he tried to murder Gen. Edwin Walker on April 10, 1963; that he murdered Officer J.D. Tippit at the completely fabricated time of 1:15 PM on 11-22-63; that Oswald was wanting to murder former Vice President Richard Nixon; that Oswald wanted to hijack a plane to Cuba.

The elite TV and print media of 1963 were riven with CIA media assets. The owners of the cable networks and the publishers of the major newspapers and magazines were personally friends of the man who orchestrated the JFK assassination Lyndon Johnson. They were also personal friends with people such as FBI chief J. Edgar Hoover, former CIA director and JFK-hater Allen Dulles and the FBI’s public relations man Deke DeLoach and CIA Operation Mockingbird media manipulator Cord Meyer, who was quite bitter that his ex-wife Mary Meyer was having an affair with JFK. These people all hated JFK’s guts and they were personal friends with the owners of the national media and their top executives and reporters. This is why American journalism’s “first draft” of history was so wretched; it was co-opted within hours of the JFK assassination as Lyndon Johnson and J. Edgar Hoover pushed hard that a lone nut killed JFK (even as LBJ told many behind the scenes that Fidel Castro had killed JFK; his favorite deflection from his own culpability).

The owners and top executives of the national media were on the phone with LBJ within days of the JFK assassination and they were telling him that they were praying for him and what a great speech he gave on TV. They sure as hell were not investigating him or the CIA or LBJ-friendly Texas oil men, such as over-the-top JFK-hater and world’s richest man H.L. Hunt in the JFK assassination. H.L. Hunt had been privately known to make comments in reference to the Kennedys such as, “How long are we going to let this go on? Are we goin’ to have to shoot those mafia bastards to get them out office?” (said in early 1960s to LBJ mistress Madeleine Brown.) [Madeleine Brown, Texas in the Morning, p. 163]

The insiders of the media in 1963 was quite aware of the rift between the Kennedys and Lyndon Johnson. Many of them were participating with the Kennedy-orchestrated plan to destroy LBJ in the fall of 1963. See Phil Brennan’s column for NewsMax in 2003. Media properties such as Henry Luce’s LIFE magazine and the Washington Post’s Newsweek spiked Kennedy-fed exposes that were crafted to imminently take down Lyndon Johnson in the week following 11-22-63. Drew Pearson, the nation’s top political reporter, spiked his column that was also going to target LBJ in Sunday morning papers across the USA on November 24th. Drew Pearson, in the aftermath of the JFK assassination, became one of Lyndon Johnson’s media tools to defend him against the corruption charges relating to him in the Bobby Baker scandal. Drew Pearson let LBJ plant negative articles on Don Reynolds, who at the very second of the JFK assassination was giving secret testimony to the Senate Rules Committee on LBJ’s epic corruption. Minority counsel for the Republicans on the Rules Committee, Burkett van Kirk, was the one who was taking down this testimony as he related to Sy Hersh who included it in his book The Dark Side of Camelot.

The most effective way the media protected Lyndon Johnson (who murdered JFK) was to slander, defame and lie about Lee Harvey Oswald every step of the way. This allowed Lyndon Johnson to follow in the steps of Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin, both of whom murdered political opponents in their own party and then pretended to mourn the death of their enemies.

Stalin orchestrated the murder of fellow Bolshevik Sergei Kirov on December 1, 1934 and used that as a pretext to launch the Great Purge (of his presumed enemies).

Hitler, in the Night of the Long Knives on July 1, 1934, murdered Ernest Rohm, the head of his Storm Troopers and someone who Hitler feared as a rival.

Lyndon Johnson, using elements of U.S. military intelligence and the CIA, murdered JFK on 11-22-63. and then used the local Dallas mafia to murder completely innocent CIA patsy Lee Harvey Oswald.

Stalin, Hitler, Lyndon Johnson: they are murdered political opponents in their party and then pretended to mourn them and blame it on someone else.

The media platforms that have pushed the “lone nutter” fantasy of the JFK assassination and the slandering of Oswald is a very long list of the most prominent media platforms in the USA: CBS, NBC, ABC, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Time Magazine, Life Magazine, Newsweek, USA Today, LA Times, Chicago Times and scores of local papers.

The Dallas Morning News and the largest local TV station in Texas WFAA push the lone nutter fantasy. Both outlets slander and defame Lee Harvey Oswald as the murderer – the lone nut killer – of JFK. The Sixth Floor Museum for decades has pinned the JFK assassination on Oswald and provided a platform for slanderers of Lee Harvey Oswald for decades. Texas Monthly, a magazine that has currency with the educated elites of Texas, has had a consistent stream of editors, writers and former writers that push the big lie on the JFK assassination: Gregory Curtis, Jake Silverstein, Lawrence Wright, Ron Rosenbaum, Larry Tye, Paul Burka, Brian Sweany, R.G. Ratcliffe and practically anyone who they let write on the topic of the JFK assassination. Evan Smith, a former editor at the Texas Monthly and a founder of the Texas Tribune lets his broadly distributed online rag slander Oswald as well. The Texas Tribune’s Ross Ramsey, who supposedly knows so much about Texas politics, also incorrectly refers to Oswald as JFK’s assassin.

The wire services The Associated Press and United Press International push the lone nutter big lie. There is a female Dallas AP reporter named Jamie Stengel who slanders Oswald for the murder of Officer J.D. Tippit as well.

Political journals such as the National Review, Commentary and the left-wing Mother Jones push it as well. It is the bipartisan Establishment from left wing to right wing that pushes this fantasy. Wikipedia pushes it as do the major publishing houses. A general rule is the bigger the corporate media platform, the more devoted it is to the fantasy of the JFK assassination. Prominent historians such as Robert Dallek and Doris Kearns Goodwin push it. Robert Caro told me in a Q&A at a book signing in Austin, TX in 2012 that in all his years of research into Lyndon Johnson that he had “not even found a hint” of LBJ being involved in the JFK assassination: a comment which is ludicrous.

 Scores of professors at universities and colleges push it. A general rule is the more prestigious the university, the more likely it’s professors in history and politics push the lone nutter fantasy. Harvard historian Jill Lepore is a prime example of a highly educated professor with a large reach who pushes lone nutterism. This woman knows nothing about the JFK assassation and Wikipedias says LePore “is a history professor at Harvard University, where she holds an endowed chair and teaches American political history. She focuses on missing evidence in historical records and articles.”

When John J. McCloy was on the Warren Commission, he was the Chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations which for many years was the voice of the American business/political/governmental establishment. The CFR has had a long list of prominent government officials and intelligence officials as members. Former CIA director Allen Dulles used to be the president of the CFR. Dulles’ secretary was McGeorge Bundy who was later a National Security Advisor for both JFK and Lyndon Johnson. Many members of the elite media have been members of the CFR. It is a fact that over the decades, almost to a man, almost everyone who is a member of the CFR who has publicly commented on the JFK assassination has said that a Lone Nut killed JFK. There are slivers of the CFR who say “Oswald killed JFK, but Fidel Castro told him to do it.”

          There are hundreds or thousands of members of the CFR – men and women who are highly educated, often consider experts in their field, who hold jobs of importance in the public or private sectors who uniformly say that a Lone Nut Oswald killed JFK and that Vice President Lyndon Johnson and U.S. intelligence had absolutely nothing to do with the murder of JFK and that LBJ, J. Edgar Hoover and former CFR Allen Dulles were not at all covering up the murder of John Kennedy. The Council on Foreign Relations for decades has been so wedded to this belief that it is like a religious liturgy for them.

Enough of the pre-game explanation, here are some good web links with the Lone Nutters (or the Oswald Defamers) explaining why they have come to their (wildly inaccurate) conclusion regarding the JFK assassination:

LONE NUTTER ESSAYS & INTERVIEWS:

1) “The book that cured me of JFK conspiracies once and for all,” Hector Tobar, LA Times, 11-20-13.  https://www.latimes.com/books/la-xpm-2013-nov-20-la-et-jc-book-jfk-conspiracies-cure-20131120-story.html

2) Gerald Posner 2013, Frontline interview. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/interview-gerald-posner/

3) Gregory Curtis of Texas Monthly – Nov. 1998 https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/the-lone-gunman/

4) Bryan Burrough, writing in NYT (5-20-2007) https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/20/books/review/Burrough-t.html

5) David Corn of Mother Jones – 11-22-2013 https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/11/kennedy-assassination-conspiracy-oswald-cuba/

6) Fred Kaplan of Slate – 11-14-2013 https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2013/11/john-f-kennedy-conspiracy-theories-debunked-why-the-magic-bullet-and-grassy-knoll-dont-make-sense.html

7) Scott Aaronson – Twenty Reasons to Believe Oswald Acted Alone https://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=1596

8) Michael Shermer – My Day in Dealey Plaza: Why JFK Was Killed by a Lone Assassin – Huffington Post, 12-14-2010 https://www.huffpost.com/entry/my-day-in-dealey-plaza-wh_b_796812  

9) Jake Silverstein – “The Assassination at 50,” Texas Monthly, November, 2013 https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/the-assassination-at-50/

10) Lawrence Wright, “Why Do They Hate Us So Much,” Texas Monthly, November, 1983. https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/why-do-they-hate-us-so-much/

11) Jacob Cohen, “Yes, Oswald Alone Killed Kennedy,” Commentary, June, 1992. https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/jacob-cohen/yes-oswald-alone-killed-kennedy/

12) “Why Vincent Bugliosi is So Sure Oswald Alone Killed JFK,” Robin Lindley, History News Network, https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/41490

13)  Rich Lowry, “The Kennedy Conspiracy in Plain Sight,” National Review, November 22, 2013 https://www.nationalreview.com/2013/11/kennedy-conspiracy-plain-sight-rich-lowry/

14) Lisa Scottoline, Book Review: ‘End of Days: The Assassination of John F. Kennedy’ by James Swanson, Washington Post, Oct. 25, 2013.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/book-review-end-of-days-the-assassination-of-john-f-kennedy-by-james-swanson/2013/10/25/359020b4-368b-11e3-be86-6aeaa439845b_story.html

15)  Mel Ayton, Review of John McAdam’s “JFK Assassination Logic: How to Think About Claims of Conspiracy,” History News Network, 11-21-11 http://hnn.us/article/143124  

16) Priscilla McMillan, “The Dreamer Who Killed A President,” Chicago Tribune, Nov. 22, 1993. https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1993-11-22-9311220016-story.html

17) Jonathan Simon, “Ghosts of the Disciplinary Machine: Lee Harvey Oswald, Life-History, and the Truth of Crime,” 1998 academic essay https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1182&context=yjlh

18) Paul Burka and Brian Sweany, “Final Thoughts on Nov. 22, 1963,” Texas Monthly, 11-22-13. https://www.texasmonthly.com/burka-blog/final-thoughts-on-nov-22-1963/

19) David Reitzes, “JFK Conspiracy Theories at 50: How the Skeptics Got It Wrong and Why It Matters,” Skeptic, 2013. https://www.skeptic.com/reading_room/jfk-conspiracy-theories-at-50-how-the-skeptics-got-it-wrong-and-why-it-matters/

20) Hugh Aynesworth, “JFK Special Report: How Hucksters and Crazies Built the Big Lie and Why We Still Believe It,” D Magazine, November, 1998. https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/1998/november/jfk-special-report-how-hucksters-crazies-built-the-big-lie-and-why-we-still-believe-it/

21) Kirkus review of James Swanson’s End of Days: https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/james-l-swanson/end-of-days-assassination/

22) Randy Dotinga 11-22-2013 review of Jame Swanson’s End of Days: https://www.csmonitor.com/Books/Book-Reviews/2013/1122/End-of-Days

23) Wikipedia on Lee Harvey Oswald: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Harvey_Oswald

24) Wikipedia on the JFK assassination: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy

25) Encylopedia Britannica on the JFK assassination: https://www.britannica.com/event/assassination-of-John-F-Kennedy

26) Encylopedia Britannica on the JFK assassination (2): https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-F-Kennedy/Assassination

27) Norman Mailer on Oswald, by Bill Rockwood for PBS Frontline: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/norman-mailer-on-oswald/

28) 2013 Atlantic interview with Peter Savodnik, biographer of Lee Harvey Oswald: https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/11/why-lee-harvey-oswald-fled-to-the-soviet-union/281662/

29) Sonia Smith of Texas Monthly interviews biographer Peter Savodnik on Lee Harvey Oswald (10-22-2013) https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/wandering-oswald/

30) NPR Fresh Air interview transcript with Phil Shenon (Oct. 28, 2013) Interview: Philip Shenon, Author Of 'A Cruel And Shocking Act' : NPR

31) Colin Schultz, “Before JFK, Lee Harvey Oswald Tried to Kill an Army Major General, Smithsonian Magazine, Oct. 4, 2013. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/before-jfk-lee-harvey-oswald-tried-to-kill-an-army-major-general-609517/

32) Alan Peppard, “Before gunning for JFK, Oswald targeted ex-General Edwin A. Walker – and missed,” Dallas Morning News, May 11, 2013. https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2018/11/19/before-gunning-for-jfk-oswald-targeted-ex-gen-edwin-a-walker-and-missed/

33) Jefferson Morley, “April 10, 1963: Oswald tries to shoot General Walker,” JFK Facts, April 10, 2015. https://jfkfacts.org/april-10-1963-oswald-tries-to-shoot-gen-walker/

34) Fred Litwin Conspiracy Freak blog: https://conspiracyfreak.com/blog/

35) Fred Litwin Trail of Delusion blog: https://www.onthetrailofdelusion.com/blog

36) John McAdams web site: https://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/home.htm

37) Jeff Wallenfeld, writing for Britannica, blaming the murder of Officer J.D. Tippit on Oswald and coming within inches of blaming Oswald for JFK’s murder https://www.britannica.com/event/assassination-of-John-F-Kennedy

38) CBS’s Dan Rather in 2011 blaming the JFK assassination on Oswald: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lmyrsBTBh4 Dan Rather reported for CBS for 44 years. “Dan Rather on Lee Harvey Oswald’s death and how it was almost televised”

39) Gerald Posner on Nov. 21, 2013, PowerPoint presentation, blaming Lee Harvey Oswald for JFK’s murder - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTsPpjKhch4 “Gerald Posner, Author “Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK”

40) Fred Litwin – blaming JFK assassination on Oswald https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O46xhAP8bvc “Debunking JFK Conspiracy Theories”

41) Philip Shenon, Oct. 28, 2013 – blaming JFK assassination on Oswald and implying someone (probably pro Castro Cubans) told Oswald to kill JFK. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWpt7T8Y350 “JFK assassination preventable, author says”

42) Philip Shenon, Feb. 6, 2015, blaming JFK for Oswald’s murder at Sarah Lawrence College https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEu8SVUhqaY “A Cruel and Shocking Act: The Secret History of the Kennedy Assassination”

43) James Swanson, lone nutter on the JFK assassination: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=james+swanson+on+jfk+assassination

44) James Swanson, National Book Festival, slandering Lee Harvey Oswald https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaT5xowIo7s

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

         

         

 


Wednesday, April 7, 2021

"JFK: How the Media Assassinated the Real Story" by Jerry Policoff, 1991

 

JFK: How the Media Assassinated the Real Story

By Robert Hennelly and Jerry Policoff, 1991, writing in the Village Voice

http://www.realhistoryarchives.com/collections/assassinations/jfk/policoff-stone-JKF.htm

 If the assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy was one of the darkest tragedies in the republic's history, the reporting of it has remained one of the worst travesties of the American media. From the first reports out of Dallas in November of 1963 to the merciless flagellation of Oliver Stone's JFK over the last several months, the mainstream media have disgraced themselves by hewing blindly to the single-assassin theory advanced by the FBI within hours of the murder. Original, enterprise reporting has been left almost entirely to alternative weeklies, monthly magazines, book publishers, and documentary makers. All such efforts over the last 29 years have met the same fate as Oliver Stone's movie: derision from the mainstream media. At first, the public bought the party line. But gradually, as more and more information slipped through the margins of the media business, and finally through the efforts of Congress itself, the public began to change its mind.

Today, according to a recent New York Times/CBS poll, an astonishing 77 percent of Americans reject the Warren Report's conclusions. How did such a tremendous credibility gap come about? And, assuming that the majority of Americans are right, how did a free press so totally blow one of the biggest stories of the century? To find out, Village Voice has reviewed hundreds of documents bearing on the media's coverage of the assassination, and has discovered a pattern of collusion and co-optation that is hardly less chilling than the prospect of a conspiracy to kill the president. In particular, The New York Times, Time-Life, CBS, and NBC have striven mightily to protect the single assassin hypothesis, even when that has involved the suppression of information, the coercion of testimony, and the misrepresentation of key evidence. The "Voice" has discovered that: Within days of the assassination, the Justice Department quashed an editorial in The Washington Post that called for an independent investigation; within two weeks the FBI was able to crow that NBC had pledged not to report anything beyond what the FBI itself was putting before the American people; only four hours after the murder, Life magazine grabbed up one of the main pieces of evidence--the Zapruder film-- misrepresenting the content to millions of readers in its very first post-assassination issue and then continuing the lie with ever-changing captions and Zapruder frames in its special issue supporting the Warren Commission report; in 1967, a supposedly independent CBS documentary series on the assassination was in fact secretly reviewed and seemingly altered by former Warren Commission member John Jay McCloy, through a "Dad says" memo written by his daughter Ellen McCloy, then administrative assistant of CBS News president Richard Salant; within that same CBS series, the testimony of Orville Nix--an amateur filmmaker who captured the "the grassy knoll" angle on tape--was tailored to fit the requirements of CBS's Warren Commission slant. Much of this unethical and immoral practice was accomplished under the pretext of "sparing the Kennedy family."

Indeed, the coverage of the assassination was complicated by the cross-identification between reporters and the president. The Kennedys were the first, and possibly the last, American political family to so thoroughly cultivate the fourth estate; in the aftermath of the assassination, the media completely relinquished its usual skepticism and opened the door for the government to do whatever it found most expedient. What possible motive could the national media have for failing to properly investigate the Kennedy murder? Perhaps they were genuinely seduced by this "Camelot" they themselves created. And if anyone was going to end Camelot, far better for the memories, far better for the family, that it be a lone psycho than a conspiracy. And if the media were solicitous to the Kennedys in this way, they were positively patronizing to the citizenry. It was Vietnam all over again: the war was good for the country, so don't report how badly it was going; a conspiracy to kill the president would be demoralizing at home and humiliating abroad, so sweep under the rug any evidence pointing in that direction. And then of course there was the national security issue.

Many of the editors who were calling the shots on assassination coverage had come out of World War II. Their country took precedence over the truth; the CIA and FBI were entitled to the benefit of the doubt; the "free press" was sometimes confused with the Voice of America. J. Edgar Hoover, supreme patriarch of the FBI and all-powerful with a distraught Robert Kennedy out of the way, knew just how to exploit the opportunity. Deputy Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach recalls that Robert Kennedy, attorney general at the time, was so despondent he didn't even see the point of an investigation. "What the hell's the difference? He's gone," Katzenbach remembers RFK saying before handing over the reins. Just three days after the assassination an internal Justice Department memo from Katzenbach to Bill Moyers, then a top aide to Lyndon Johnson, spelled out the Justice Department's strategy, a strategy that would prevail to a shocking degree right through the end of the decade:

1. The public must be satisfied that Oswald was the assassin; that he did not have confederates who are still at large; and that the evidence was such that he would have been convicted at trial.

2. Speculation about Oswald's motivation ought to be cut off, and we should have some basis for rebutting thought that this was a Communist conspiracy or (as the Iron Curtain press is saying) a right-wing conspiracy to blame it on the Communists. Unfortunately the facts on Oswald seem about too pat--too obvious (Marxist, Cuba, Russian wife, etc.). The Dallas police have put out statements on the Communist conspiracy theory, and it was they who were in charge when he was shot and thus silenced.

Katzenbach, whose memo sets out the Warren report results a year before the commission reached them, suggests that a "Presidential Commission of unimpeachable personnel" be appointed to examine evidence and reach conclusions. In closing he writes,

I think, however, that a statement that all the facts will be made public property in an orderly and responsible way should be made now. We need something to head off public speculation or Congressional hearings of the wrong sort.

Such a statement was indeed made, and of course the facts, the files, the evidence never were made public in their entirety. As it turned out, the speculation took years; new Congressional hearings, decades. Today, Katzenbach realizes that allowing Hoover's agents to control the flow of information was a little like letting the fox guard the henhouse. The Senate Church committee report that came out in 1976 confirmed that while investigating the murder "top FBI officials were continually concerned with protecting the Bureau's reputation." Even Katzenbach concedes that Hoover would never "let the agency be embarrassed by any information on the bureau itself. He just would never show it. But how would you know it? What could you do?"

According to an FBI memo obtained by the Voice," it didn't take the FBI or the Justice Department long to get the the press under control. On November 25, 1963, the White House learned that The Washington Post planned an editorial calling for the convening of a presidential commission to investigate the assassination. Though Lyndon Johnson planned to do just that, the strategy was to get the FBI report out first. The memo states that Katzenbach called Washington Post editor Russell Wiggins and told him that "the Department of Justice seriously hoped that the Washington Post would not encourage any specific means" by which the facts should be made available to the public. The memo also describes a conversation an FBI agent had with Al Friendly, The Washington Post's managing editor, discouraging publication of the editorial and suggesting that it would "merely `muddy the waters' and would create further confusion and hysteria." The editorial never appeared. Later that day Hoover triumphantly boasted in another FBI memo that "I called Mr. Walter Jenkins at the White House and advised him that we had killed the editorial in the Post." The FBI had the electronic media wired as well. A December 11, 1963, teletype from the FBI office in New York to J. Edgar Hoover indicates that NBC had given the bureau assurances that it would "televise only those items which are in consonance with bureau report [on the assassination]." The eight-page FBI message details the substance of NBC's research, including the development of leads. "NBC has movie film taken at some one hundred and fifty feet showing a Dallas Police Dept. officer rushing into book depository building while most of police and Secret Service were rushing up an incline towards railroad trestle [in front of the motorcade]."

THE NEW YORK TIMES

The paper of record, The New York Times, led the newsprint pack with the official story. Months before the Warren Commission report was released, Times writer Anthony Lewis got a special exclusive preview and his June 1, 1964, page-one article presented its findings in positively glowing terms; over the years he has continued to attack Warren Commission critics as well as Oliver Stone's film. Lewis has told the Voice that his close ties with the Kennedys, specifically Robert made "it very painful to me personally. Over the years I felt I did not want to get involved as a counterexpert or expert. Maybe with all that has happened, Vietnam and Watergate, today's reporters would have come to it with more resistance. There was at the time a predisposition for the society as a whole to believe." But can "lost innocence" account wholly for the mangling of history and management of information that the major media engaged in during that period?

For the Times, creating a supportive climate for the Warren report seemed an institutional imperative. The Times was going to run the report in the paper and then go commercial with it: collaborating with the Book of the Month Club and Bantam Books to publish it in September of 1964. On May 24, 1964, Clifton Daniel of the Times wrote Warren Commission Chief Counsel J. Lee Rankin expressing gratitude to Chief Justice Earl Warren for facilitating publication of the Warren report. Certainly any vigorous critical evaluation of the Commission's findings at this juncture would have jeopardized this great relationship.

The Times did not quit with the Warren report. Two months after the Warren report was released, the Times collaborated with McGraw-Hill and Bantam on The Witnesses, a book of testimony from the Warren Commission hearings edited by the Times. The accounts of those witnesses whose testimony deviated the slightest from the official story were simply edited out. Not included, for instance, was one man's testimony to the Warren Commission that on the day of JFK's murder he had seen two men on the sixth floor of the Texas Book Depository, where the official line says there was just Oswald. The FBI told this witness to "forget it." His references to shots coming from the railroad yards in front of the president were also deleted. In addition, the section of the transcript where three Secret Service agents' autopsy observations contradict the official autopsy report was deleted. No wonder readers of this expurgated version of the commission's report became true believers. With the issuance of the Warren report, Oswald became the assassin. (Although from the very beginning--with a November 1963 Life article on Oswald headlined, "The Assassin: A Cold Lonely Man Who Resented All Authority"--there was no presumption of innocence and little inclination to consider other explanations.)

As time went on and inconsistencies began to surface, it became harder to accept the Warren report findings. The Times did its best to downplay this revisionist thinking with one of the most blatant examples being John Leonard's December 1970 New York Times review of two Kennedy assassination books--Jim Garrison's A Heritage of Stone and James Kirkwood's American Grotesque. In the early edition of the paper the headline read, "Who Killed John F. Kennedy?" and the review itself contained two long paragraphs challenging the Warren Commission, subtitled "Mysteries Persist." "But until somebody explains . . . ," wrote Leonard, "why a `loner' like Oswald always had friends and could always get a passport--who can blame the Garrison guerillas for fantasizing? Something stinks about the whole affair." Within hours these hard-hitting paragraphs disappeared from the review and the headline was altered to read, "The Shaw-Garrison Affair." Leonard told the Voice he was never able to track down the person responsible for the changes. "Not the bullpen, not the culture desk, not even Abe Rosenthal knew how it happened. We've every right to be paranoid," Leonard says.

TIME-LIFE

While the Times was busy selling the Warren Commission story, Life magazine went one step beyond that, actively intervening to spirit away crucial physical evidence in the case. Aside from swooping down on Oswald's wife and mother and sequestering them in a hotel room to protect Life's exclusive interviews, Life was in Dallas making arrangements to buy the original Zapruder film only four hours after the assassination. Of the four existing home movies taken that day in Dealey Plaza, the 8mm film, shot by a middle-aged dress manufacturer, was considered to be the best record of JFK's murder. According to Richard Stolley, who is currently the editorial director of Time Inc. and who handled the Zapruder transaction for Life, the order to acquire the film and "withhold it from public viewing" came from Life's publisher, C.D. Jackson.

And who was C.D. Jackson? A staunch anticommunist who played a crucial role in the direction of U.S. policy throughout the 1950s, both as "psychological war advisor" to Eisenhower and as a member of anticommunist front groups, Jackson's publication had long been known for "always pulling chestnuts out of the fire for the CIA," as the late Drew Pearson once put it. Having shelled out $150,000 for the film (the Zapruder family attorney claims the number was even higher), Stolley headed back to New York with the original print under his arm, leaving investigators with a copy that was next to worthless in terms of forensic analysis. By permitting the chain of custody to include Life magazine, and by accepting a mere copy of a crucial piece of evidence, the law-enforcement authorities were well on their way to compromising their investigation. The critical Zapruder film was kept exclusively in the hands of Time Inc. and out of the public's reach for the next 12 years, allowing Life to take the American people on one of the longest rides ever in American journalism.

In its very first issue after the assassination, Life seriously misrepresented the content of the Zapruder film, a practice that would continue until the film finally gained general release in 1975. The doctors at Parkland Hospital, who had worked on the president, had reported that he had suffered an "apparent" entrance wound to the throat. Since the book depository, from which Oswald had allegedly fired, was to the presidential limousine's rear, how, some were beginning to wonder, did the president suffer a frontal throat wound? Life's December 6, 1963, edition gave a simple and conclusive explanation, based on the Zapruder film, an answer only Life could provide. Wrote Life: "The 8mm [Zapruder] film shows the President turning his body far around to the right as he waves to someone in the crowd. His throat is exposed to the sniper's nest just before he clutches it." This description of the Zapruder film went a long way toward allaying fears of conspiracy in those early days, for it explained away a troublesome inconsistency in the lone assassin scenario. There was only one problem: The description of the Zapruder film was a total fabrication. Although the film shows Kennedy turning to the right--toward the grassy knoll, that is--at no time does he turn 180 degrees toward the book depository. Indeed, by the time he is hit, he is once again turning toward the front.

Even this yeoman's effort pales, though beside Life's October 2, 1964 edition which was largely committed to the newly released Warren report. Rather than assign a staff writer the job of assessing the committee's work, Life gave the assignment to Warren Commission member Gerald Ford. But it is not the articles in that edition of Life that are so extraordinary, but the pictures, and the pains that were taken to rework them so they fit the Warren report perfectly. The October 2, 1964, issue underwent two major revisions after it hit the stands, expensive changes that required breaking and resetting plates twice, a highly unusual occurrence. That issue of Life was illustrated with eight frames of the Zapruder film along with descriptive captions. One version of caption 6 read: "The assassin's shot struck the right rear portion of the President's skull, causing a massive wound and snapping his head to one side." The photo accompanying this caption--frame 323--shows the president slumped back against the seat, and leaning to the left, an instant after the fatal bullet struck him. The photo makes it look as though shots came from the front--the railroad trestle--or the right--the grassy knoll. A second version of the issue replaces this frame with another, the graphic shot of the president's head exploding (frame 313). Blood fills the air and all details are obscured. The caption, oddly enough, remained the same--describing his head snapping to one side. A third version carries this same 313 slide--frame 323 has been thrown on the dumpheap of history--but now with a new caption, one that jibes perfectly with the Warren Commission's findings. "The direction from which shots came was established by this picture taken at the instant the bullet struck the rear of the President's head and, passing through, caused the front part of his skull to explode forward." Nice try. Of course, as all the world would learn years later, it was the back of the president's skull that would explode, suggesting an exit wound, and sending Jackie Kennedy crawling reflexively across the trunk of the limousine to try to salvage the pieces. But this would not be fully understood until the Zapruder film itself had been seen in its entirety. For the moment, the only people in a position to spot Life's error were the Secret Service, the FBI, and possibly the busy pressmen at R. R. Donnelly, who must have piled up a lot of overtime trying to keep up with the ever-changing facts. (Life wasn't the only publication on the assassination to have bizarre layout problems. The Warren Commission Report itself never addressed the backward motion of the president's head, thus sparing itself the burden of having to explain it. This omission was facilitated by the reversal of the two frames following the explosive frame 313 in the Warren Commission's published volumes, which considerably confused the issue by making it seem as if the head jerked forward. J. Edgar Hoover later blamed the switch on a "printing error.")

Life's exclusive monopoly on the Zapruder film came in just as handy for Dan Rather, CBS's New Orleans bureau chief, who was permitted by Zapruder to see the film before it was whisked off to the vault. Rather told the world he had seen the film and that the president "fell forward with considerable force." (CBS spokesman Tom Goodman told the Voice that Rather only got to see the film briefly and viewed it on a "crude hand-cranked 8mm machine.")

What was the effect of these misrepresentations of the Zapruder evidence? One can only guess, but they could well have been crucial to the public's faith in the single-assassin theory. British journalist Anthony Summers, author of the book Conspiracy, speculates that "if they had shown the film on CBS the weekend of the assassination or at any time the following year there would not have been anyone in America who would not have believed that the shots came from the front of the President and that there was therefore a conspiracy."

Meanwhile, Life's sister publication, Time, did its best to swat away any and all conspiracy talk. Time countered the ground swell of conspiracy rumors in Europe with an article in its June 12, 1964, issue. Entitled "J.F.K.: The Murder and the Myths," the article blamed the speculation on "leftist" writers and publications seeking a "rightist conspiracy." Proponents of further investigation suffered fates similar to that of Thomas Buchanan, who in 1964 wrote the first book critical of the Warren Report, Who Killed Kennedy. Buchanan's thesis was groundless, Time argued, because he had allegedly been "fired by the Washington Star in 1948 after he admitted membership in the Communist party."

By late 1966, however, it was getting harder for the media to hold the line. Calls for a reexamination of the Warren report now came from former Kennedy aides Arthur Schlesinger and Richard Goodwin, The Saturday Evening Post, the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore, Walter Lippmann, Cardinal Cushing, William F. Buckley, and the American Academy of Forensic Sciences. It was in this climate that the New York Times initiated its first independent investigation of the assassination. By 1966 the Times seemed to be moving away from its stance of unquestioning support for the Warren report. In a November 1966 editorial, the paper acknowledged that there were "Unanswered Questions."

Harrison Salisbury, then editor of the [Times] op-ed page, called for a new investigation in the pages of The Progressive. Salisbury, who had been a solid supporter of the Warren Commission initially, also told Newsweek that the Times would "go over all the areas of doubt and hope to eliminate them." That investigation lasted for less than a month. The best look inside the brief investigation came in a Rolling Stone interview with New York Times reporter and assassination investigation team member Martin Waldron. Waldron told Rolling Stone that the team found "a lot of unanswered questions" that the Times did not choose to pursue.

Even Life was beginning to feel the pressure to address the critics and their substantive observations. In 1966 Ed Kearns, Dick Billings, and Josiah Thompson were given the green light to review the Kennedy murder, which would culminate in a magazine series taking a critical look at the Warren Report. Their efforts produced the November 25, 1966, Life cover story, "Did Oswald Act Alone? A Matter of Reasonable Doubt." Accompanying the article was an editorial that called for a new investigation.

Paradoxically, Time in the same week editorially attacked the "phantasmagoria," dismissing both the Warren Commission's doubters and the calls for a new investigation. Questioned by The New York Times about the editorial schism at Time-Life, Headley Donovan, editor in chief of both magazines, said, "We would like to see our magazines arrive at consistent positions on major issues, and I am sure in due course we will on this one." Indeed. Within months, Billings was told by a superior he won't name, "It is not Life's function to investigate the Kennedy assassination." The investigative team was disbanded. The first article in the series was also the last.

But team member Thompson, a former philosophy professor turned private detective, had laboriously made 300 four-by-five transparencies of the suppressed film. After his work with Life he kept this cache and resumed work on his book Six Seconds in Dallas. Thompson and his publisher, Bernard Geis, sought unsuccessfully to get permission from Life to use the Zapruder shots. They offered to turn over all the proceeds from the book to the print giant. The answer was still no. Without the use of the images of the Zapruder film, or at least some facsimile of them, Thompson would have a hard time clinching his argument that Kennedy was hit from the front in the notorious head shot, Zapruder frame 313. After consultation with an attorney, Thompson and Geis decided to have an artist render drawings based on Thompson's slide-by-slide copy of the contraband film. When the book was ready to be distributed by Random House, the Time-Life steamroller puffed into action and threatened Random House with legal action in the event they went ahead and distributed the book. According to Geis, Random House was ready to cave in to Time-Life, and Geis geared up to send trucks over to the Random House warehouse to pick up the books. In the eleventh hour Random House reconsidered and decided to publish Six Seconds in Dallas, thus giving the American public its first view, albeit as an artist's rendering, of the most compelling piece of evidence from the assassination of Kennedy. Life was so furious that it took Thompson and his publisher to court on a copyright infringement; the magazine lost because it could not claim financial damage--after all, Thompson had offered all the proceeds to Life. Despite Thompson's expensive victory (all the legal fees fighting Time Inc. consumed the income from his book), the company's grip on the film remained every bit as strong as it had been.

Such efforts, large and small, mostly succeeded in keeping the Warren critics marginalized. But finally, the lid blew off in 1975 when activist Dick Gregory and optics expert Robert Groden approached Geraldo Rivera with a newly unearthed clear copy of the Zapruder film. Finally, the American public was to see the Zapruder film in its entirety, unmediated by any editors or censors. ABC's Good Night America show was the first national television airing of the film to include the deadly frame 313. (Pirated copies had started to crop up in the mid '60s but were of such poor quality they had no dramatic impact.) "It was one of those things where I said [to ABC], `It gets on or I walk,'" Rivera told the Voice. ABC relented, but only after Rivera agreed to sign a waiver accepting sole financial responsibility if Time or the Zapruder family sued. Rivera maintains that Time-Life did not sue because "they were blown away by the reaction to the program." The airing of the Zapruder film on Rivera's show was a catalyst for renewed interest in the murder and ultimately culminated in four congressional investigations into various aspects of the controversy. It is probably no accident that Time-Life sold the original film back to Zapruder's estate for one dollar the following month. (Today, for $75--with costs waived for poor scholars--you can view a VHS copy of the film. The Zapruder estate recently turned down an offer to turn the frames into baseball cards.)

Oliver Stone's movie JFK relies on the Zapruder film to support the film's central contention that Kennedy's fatal wound came from the front, and that therefore a conspiracy existed. Referring to the 8mm film, Stone told the Voice: "It was key. It is the best smoking gun we have to date." Despite the compelling use of the Zapruder film in Stone's movie, the man who helped acquire it for Time-Life remains convinced that the Warren Commission got it right and that Oswald did in fact shoot Kennedy from the book depository. "There is nothing in the Zapruder film which contradicts the Warren report," says Dick Stolley. Oddly enough, the man who shot the film, Abraham Zapruder, according to an article authored by Stolley in the November 1973 Esquire, told the Life reporter, "My first impression was that the shots were coming from behind me"--that is, from the infamous grassy knoll. Stolley now maintains that the urge to control the Zapruder film had to do with beating out the competition. If the competition was a contest to suppress the most evidence possible, then Life certainly won hands down. But if the competition Stolley refers to is journalistic competition, one wonders why Life bothered. Take, for instance, the case of CBS's documentary series on the assassination, which aired in June of 1967.

CBS

CBS decided to go ahead with a documentary series in the fall of 1966, as the cynicism about the assassination continued to mount. Books on the subject were starting to stimulate a national debate. Reports on the suppression of crucial evidence--including the fact the Warren Commission never even saw the actual autopsy photos and X-rays of JFK--had became parlor talk around the country. Buzz phrases like "magic bullet" were being used for the first time to express a growing cynicism. Public opinion polls indicated that a majority of the respondents had begun to doubt that Oswald was the whole story.

The CBS effort was nothing if not monumental. Whereas those who had come before had used fixed targets to test the magic bullet hypothesis, CBS went a giant step further, rigging up a moving target. But the money and manpower thrown at the project was undercut all along the way by errors in procedure and logic; if not motive. For instance, in trying to determine whether Oswald could possibly have fired all the rounds believed to have been squeezed off in Dealey Plaza, CBS used a rifle that was faster than Oswald's: capable of three shots in 4.1 seconds as opposed to 4.6 seconds for Oswald's. The 11 CBS marksmen fired 37 firing runs of three shots each; of those, an amazing 17 of the 37 runs were disqualified as Cronkite said "because of trouble with the rifle." And, even with their faster guns and time to practice, the 11 marksmen averaged 5.6 seconds to get off their three shots, with an average of 1.2 hits. Oswald, a notoriously bad shot firing with a slower gun, is alleged to have done much better--three shots and two direct hits in 5.6 seconds, with no warm-up. CBS neglected to inform its viewers of the poor total average hit ratio. How did CBS interpret these rifle tests? "It seems reasonable to say that an expert could fire that rifle in five seconds," intoned Walter Cronkite. "It seems equally reasonable to say that Oswald, under normal circumstances, would take longer. But these were not normal circumstances. Oswald was shooting at a president. So our answer is: probably fast enough."

Such lapses may well be explained by a perusal of internal CBS documents, generated in preparation for the 1967 documentary, that have been obtained by the Voice. The documents show the highly unusual role played by one Ellen McCloy, who for years had served as the administrative assistant to Richard Salant, head of CBS News. During the production of the CBS series, McCloy was one of only a handful of people who was cc'd on all 10 memos obtained by the Voice concerning the work in progress. (McCloy and Salant contend there was nothing unusual in this arrangement as she routinely received copies of Salant's correspondence.) But in this instance, she was more than a passive recipient, filing duplicates for her boss. She was passing along not her own opinions but those of "Dad."

Ellen McCloy's father, John J. McCloy, had not only served on the Warren Commission but had been Assistant Secretary of War, High Commissioner for West Germany, chair of the World Bank, chair of Chase Manhattan Bank, and head of the Ford Foundation. According to Kai Bird, author of the soon to be released biography The Chairman: John Jay McCloy--the Making of the American Establishment, McCloy was "the guy who greased the wheels between the world of Wall Street, big foundations, and Washington." McCloy himself acknowledged his agenda: showing that America was not "a banana republic, where a government can be changed by conspiracy."

Not only did McCloy appear in CBS's documentary, he also lurked about in the shadows, helping to steer and shape. A handwritten note on CBS stationery from Ellen McCloy to Les Midgley, producer of the series, gives the reader a feel for the close relationships between the McCloys and the CBS bunch. The memo reads: "One comment that Dad [emphasis added] made after reading the `rough script' Mr. Salant wanted me to pass on to you. It concerned a sentence (--or two--) that appears on the top of page 5C. . . . Dad said: 1) he had no recollection of the President (LBJ) asking or urging the members of the Warren Commission to act `with speed.' 2) The phrase `In less than a year' again implies that the commission might have acted in haste. Dad suggests that you might say `after 8 1/2 months. . . . ' --Ellen" Or again: "Dad asked me to give you the enclosed. He said it shouldn't be considered a bribe . . . maybe it's just a gift as the result of the birth of Luci's baby. `The old man' thanks you very much for the booklet!!! --Ellen"

On July 20, 1967, Midgley sent a letter to John McCloy thanking him for his "extremely kind and generous comments," adding, "Another member of your family also sweated this all out with us and did a fine job." Salant now contends that Ellen McCloy's presence on the CBS payroll did not prejudice the documentaries. "Should who her father was have disqualified her from the job?" he asks. "She was a very able lady. She worked for me for six years." Ellen McCloy concurs that she herself did nothing to influence the editorial content of the documentaries. "I would act as a conduit," McCloy explained. "I would take things home and they would ask me to ask my dad this or that." He and producer Midgley remain proud of the series, and believe it holds up. "It still is the major journalistic inquiry into this 25 years later . . . it was an independent inquiry."

But the McCloy memos, and a few others, certainly raise a question about how open-minded and thoroughgoing CBS was. Take, for instance, this April 26, 1967, memo from Salant to Midgley: "Is the question of whether Oswald was a CIA or FBI informant really so substantial that we have to deal with it?" The answer was, maybe. In CBS's June 28, 1967, program, Cronkite does indeed refer to Oswald's FBI connection in the following fashion: "The question of whether Oswald had any relationship with the FBI or the CIA is not frivolous. The agencies, of course, are silent. Although the Warren Commission had full power to conduct its own independent investigation, it permitted the FBI and the CIA to investigate themselves--and so cast a permanent shadow on the answers."

Although Salant asserts to this day that CBS was only after the truth, a recently released documentary indicates otherwise. Danny Schechter's "Beyond JFK: The Question of Conspiracy," features Walter Cronkite conceding that CBS News in 1970 censored Lyndon Johnson's own doubts about the lone-assassin theory. Cronkite tells Schechter that Johnson invoked "national security" to get CBS to edit out his remarks long after they had been captured on film. Cronkite and CBS, of course, reflexively complied.

But perhaps nothing revealed CBS's prejudice in the series more tellingly than the network's treatment of Orville Nix, a man who was wielding a movie camera across from the grassy knoll on that fateful day. Nix, who had worked for the General Service Administration as an air conditioning repairman in the Dallas Secret Service building, sold his footage to UPI for $5000 in 1963. But, according to his granddaughter Gayle Nix Jackson, the film only brought him heartache.

"The FBI had issued a dictum to all of Dallas's film labs that any assassination photos had to be turned over to the FBI immediately," recalls Gayle Jackson. "The lab called my granddad first and, like the good American he was, he rushed it to the FBI." Nix had to turn his camera over to the FBI as well. "They took the camera for five months. They said they needed to analyze it. They returned it in pieces," recalls Jackson. In 1967 Nix dutifully turned out for the CBS re-creation. Recalls his granddaughter: "His turn came to reenact what he saw. They said, `Mr. Nix, where did the shots come from?' He said, `From over there on that grassy knoll behind the picket fence.' Then it would be, `Cut!' We went through this six or seven times and each time it was, `Cut!' And then a producer stepped forward and said, `Orville, where did the Warren Commission say the shots came from?' My granddad said, `Well, the Texas Book Depository.' The producer said, `That's what you need to say.'" CBS producer Bernard Birnbaum, who worked on the documentary, denies the exchange. "We never tried to put any words in anybody's mouth, absolutely not," he told the "Voice." Birnbaum says CBS did give Warren Commission critics air time and cites a segment of the documentary where another eyewitness contends shots came from the grassy knoll. "We were looking to disprove everything," he insists.

According to Jackson, her grandfather also told CBS that there were four shots fired during the assassination, an observation subsequently endorsed by the House Select Committee on Assassinations in 1975, based on controversial acoustical evidence. But what did the CBS viewing audience hear from Nix? "Bang, bang, bang," as if to suggest that Nix also subscribed to the three-bang theory.

After being browbeaten by CBS, Orville Nix, a normally mild-mannered man, became furious. "He was hitting the steering wheel on the ride back home saying, `Why are they trying to make me feel like I am insane?'" Jackson recalls. She remembers that a year or so later, when District Attorney Jim Garrison called for Nix to testify, her grandfather wouldn't talk. He was afraid for his life.

How many other witnesses experienced the Orville Nix you-never-heard/saw-that phenomenon we will never know. But one other was Kenny O'Donnell, a confidant and adviser to JFK who was in the motorcade. In Tip O'Neill's book Man of The House, O'Neill describes a conversation with O'Donnell, who told him he was sure that two shots had come from the fence behind the grassy knoll. O'Neill said to O'Donnell, "That's not what you told the Warren Commission." O'Donnell responded, "You're right, I told the FBI what I had heard, but they said it couldn't have happened that way and that I must have been imagining things. So I testified the way they wanted me to. I just didn't want to stir up any more pain and trouble for the family."

Since Orville Nix's death in 1988, his granddaughter, a former loss-prevention executive, has been waging a one-woman war to get the original film back from UPI. She wants it analyzed to reveal the details that a copy does not provide. "You know my granddad believed in the Texas handshake, and that is how he made his deal with UPI." According to Jackson, the rights to the film were to revert to Nix's estate in 1988. After initially getting a green light from UPI for the return of the film, the then-media giant informed her that the attorney that granted her request was "no longer with the company." She was told to wait until 1991. Then on June 4, 1991, came a note from UPI's general counsel, Frank Kane. "UPI agrees that, in accordance with the oral agreement . . . UPI hereby releases all rights over the Nix Film to Mr. Nix's heirs and assigns." There was only one problem. UPI no longer had the film. Jackson received a letter saying the film had gone to the Warren Commission and was supposedly housed in the National Archives. With the Warren Commission out of business, she contacted the National Archives only to learn that the original was not there either.

The last official place the film was said to have been was in the House Select Committee on Assassinations files. That Committee was convened in 1975 to investigate the assassinations of John Kennedy, Robert Kennedy, and Martin Luther King. The chief counsel for the HSCA, G. Robert Blakey, who has a penchant for gagging his staff via mandatory secrecy oaths, came clean with Nix's granddaughter about the fate of the family heirloom, says Jackson. "Blakey's the only one who takes full responsibility for the loss of the film because it was his committee that was supposed to assure that all evidence was returned to the rightful owner," Jackson says. So much for posterity's view of the grassy knoll on November 22, 1963. A former HSCA staff member, Gaeton Fonzi, recalls that back at the time of the hearings the staff "heard rumors that Blakey planned to classify all of the committee files, but we didn't believe them because that would be too reminiscent of what the Warren Commission had done." In fact many of the files were classified and this same man, Blakey, is the one who has been recently assigned to help draft legislation about what will be released from the original Kennedy assassination files.

FACT COLLIDES WITH FICTION

Today, there are hundreds of thousands of documents relating to the Kennedy assassination kept from public scrutiny in classified files. But it is growing harder for the American public to accept the government's suppression of these files. The Cold War's over, right? "The New York Times" runs photos of East Germans knee-deep in covert Stasi files. "60 Minutes" takes us into the depths of the KGB labyrinth to find Lenin's brain, yet the nation has to be content with Bob Gates offering up state secrets from World War I. What is the CIA hiding and what were they afraid to let Americans know about 1963? (With Allen Dulles, former director of the CIA, on the Warren Commission the intelligence community had a staunch protector.)

Had the government opened its files to assassination investigators tracking the complex globe-trotting of Lee Harvey Oswald between 1959 and 1963, the 1960-1962 attempts on Fidel Castro's life--exploding cigars and poisoned milk-shakes-- might have been exposed. Years before that information finally leaked out, the public might have learned that the U.S. itself was in the business of assassinating heads of state. Hadn't the White House looked the other way while South Vietnam's President Ngo Dinh Diem was being struck down, just two weeks before JFK's murder? It could be argued that, had the media done their job in pursuing the Kennedy assassination story, they would have exposed the situational ethics of America's security apparatus years before Vietnam became a domestic civil war, or Watergate and Iran-contra national disgraces. Motive in this crime of omission was no doubt a confluence of many elements: a blind patriotism, an institutional paternalism, and a determination to admit no mistakes. Once wedded to the Warren Commission, the editors and reporters who covered the assassination considered even a whisper of conspiracy a form of infidelity. All others, from Mark Lane to Oliver Stone and the hundreds of enterprising reporters in between, were traitors, hysterics.

Throughout the early 1960s, when Walter Cronkite said, "That's the way it is . . .," we had no reason to doubt him. The bashing of Oliver Stone's movie JFK by the bastions of the American media--CBS, The New York TimesTimeNewsweek, and The Washington Post--is said to spring from the sincere desire on the part of the keepers of America's memory to see that our sacred history does not fall prey to revisionist charlatans. While Stone's film does take serious liberty with history, the virulence with which the film has been attacked seems to say more about a defensive press that missed and continues to miss a major story than it does about any flaws in JFK. "When it came to this [reporting on the assassination], the working press was a lobster in a trap," Bill Moyers told the Voice. "Back then, what government said was the news. . . . In the 1950s and early '60s, the official view of reality was the agenda for the Washington press corps. . . . I think it is quite revealing that it's Oliver Stone that's forcing Congress to open up the files and not The Washington PostThe New York Times, or CBS."

 


Sunday, April 4, 2021

JFK Researcher Frank Beckendorf's 2018 essay "Ed Butler, INCA and Me" - Ed Butler interviewed Oswald on the Radio in New Orleans

 

Ed Butler, INCA and Me          the real Ed Butler as I saw him

June 24, 2018

 

JFK researcher Frank Beckendorf wrote this essay on the JFK assassination. He invites your comments:

 

by Frank W. Beckendorf BCJ, MA    

© Copyright 2018

 

Let's set the record straight right from the beginning. Ed Scannell Butler was not hired as an executive vice president, he was INCA.   

I met Ed Butler in his INCA office in the 70s. INCA, or the Information Council of the Americas, had once been a player in the us vs. them scenario, but at this time, it was dying a fast death. Funding was drying up and interest was waning. Alton Oschner was too elderly to care about a non-stop flow of continued financial. support and Patrick Frawley, another financial backer, also lost interest. Oschner was too big an influence on both the organization and Frawley.  

Butler's office, contrary to earlier reports, was not located in “INCA’s” building.

It was stuffed in the Maison Blanche Building on Canal Street in New Orleans. Also located there was WSMB, a radio station Butler would later be hosting an on-air show.

When I first walked into Butler's office, the first thing I noticed was that it was packed. Much like an overstuffed New Orleans po boy, there were boxes and papers everywhere. It was poorly lit and smelly. The odor of long stored cardboard was obvious. Even the floors were cluttered beyond imagination. Butler's desk was packed with papers en masse. Much like the walls and floors. 

 The only staff member INCA and Butler had was a strange, but friendly character whose name presently escapes me. Butler's assistant reminded me of Igor in the movie, Young Frankenstein. His faced and upper area was badly scarred and he was humped over, slightly. Ed told me he was very dedicated to the cause and was satisfied with minimal wages. To this day, I cannot remember anything else about Butler's sole employee.  I do remember that he was a nice guy. Friendly and courteous..  

I was up there with Butler many times discussing INCA, and in particular Oswald and JFK. We would sit for hours discussing things. Or, at least, it was me just listening. 

Ed Butler was always eagerly handing me things  He gave me lots of things. Books, articles and LPs. were some of the things he gave me. Signed books and audios galore. Newspaper articles and magazines. INCA publications.  

Butler had always been cordial and accommodating to me. But, one thing that puzzled me about him was that he was always afraid someone was going to kill him. He would take different routes to an from the office daily. His daily activities we’re carefully planned and scouted  He lived in an underpopulated area in a nearby city and drove an old unnoticeable car. Now, whether his life really was threatened or not cannot be confirmed – and I never tried. I took his word for it. 

Ed Butler's topics generally focused on: Oswald, INCA and communism. He was only fond of one, and the other two repulsed him.  Or did they? Let’s take a look at all three.  

But, before we look at these let’s consider this. I base this on both knowledge and conjecture. First, of all, Butler's job was running INCA from the comforts of an office. Now, was he overly concerned with this continued and stable position? Or, was he protecting his welfare? Something to think about…. 

Butler was no doctor or lawyer. I knew of no professional talent that could earn an oversized income. Butler was INCA and INCA was Butler. Could he have earned his salary elsewhere? He never disclosed what he was paid. He never discussed benefits. He discussed Oswald, communism and Kennedy.  

In a phone call, June 25th, Butler's nephew, Perrin Butler Jr stated that in his opinion he  believed that his uncle believed  Oswald was the killer of JFK and that DA Garrison's investigation was baseless.  

Presently, there is no information that contradicted his opinion that Ed Butler believed Oswald killed Kennedy. Thus all there is presently is conjecture and debate. Was it a matter of economics for Ed Butler, or did he believed there was a conspiracy. Without evidence disputing what this author, and Butler’s nephew believes, it can only be assumed that Ed Butler was anti conspiracy.  

INCA

Ed Butler had always felt a need for an anti communist organization. He and Dr. Alton Oschner collaborated and came up with an idea to promote capitalism, and in particular Latin American trade with the port of New Orleans. Latin America sent around 70% of its goods through the port. Butler and Oschner soon gathered strong support and formed INCA.  

I debate how effective INCA really was. It looks to me that it was not very effective. To this date, I have seen no evidence to contradict this theory.  Distributing literature and holding meetings can only accomplish so much. What real successes attributed to INCA remains debatable. I invite debate on this subject matter. 

 

When Hurricane Katrina hit the Louisiana coast in August 2005, Ed Butler was long past his prime. His broadcasting career was in full force, primarily as an entertainment venue. During August, Butler suffered a fatal heart attack. Katrina forced a lot of hospitals to close and Butler had to be taken to a few locations before ending up in a Lacombe, La hospital, according to his nephew Perrin Butler. By then, the time lapse was too great to overcome. Butler succumbed to an ailment the weather condition precipitated.  

Thirteen years later, few historians give Butler much credit in curtailing communism in Latin America or elsewhere. Ed Butler may be remembered as someone who spent Alton Oschner’s money and dispensing a lot of air. He was a colorful character whose belief in Oswald as an assassin may well have been his Achilles heel. Perhaps his greatest accomplishment was in debating Oswald with Carlos Bringuier on a New Orleans broadcasting outlet. History will not argue the importance of this happenchance event. 

So, Ed Butler is an important figure in the history changing event of late 1963. Just how important is for the individual student of history to decide.  

The author has earned a Bachelor of Criminal Justice from Loyola University in New Orleans and a Master of Arts from the University of New Orleans. He was born and lived in the immediate New Orleans area for fifty – three years of his life, until Hurricane Katrina forced him to relocate his family to West Texas, in particular Abilene, TX in 2005. He relocated back home to the New Orleans area in 2015.  He is a retired social studies teacher and holds a real estate sales license in Louisiana and a real estate broker’s license in Texas. He also teaches American Politics at an online university. He is the 2012 winner of the Mary Ferrell Promise Award.  

 

Some people choose the path less traveled. Me, I'd rather cut through the woods.  

 

Frank Beckendorf BCJ, MA Slidell, La.  985-205-7622